We have designed and manufactured glycol dehydration units from small 1 MMSCFD field units to large 250 MMSCFD multi-skid systems for transmission compressor stations. The salt will collect on the firetube in the reboiler to restrict heat transfer and cause corrosion problems. The carbon-packed vessel should have a liquid distributor to avoid channeling. Keep the reboiler temperature set at the optimum level. As you tackle your next project, take the time to familiarize yourself with the equipment and operating conditions. Once the glycol is saturated or rich with water vapor, that water needs to be removed before the glycol can be used again. Normally, the reboiler is operated at atmospheric pressure. The H2S will lower the glycol pH and turn the glycol black. The two most popular sizes are 4 x 10 and 8 x 30. In this case, a line may be plugged or the pump may be undersized. You may also look at the PH of the glycol itself. Make sure you are operating in spec. Glycol Dehydrators, part of natural gas dehydration systems, remove water vapor from gas streams to prevent the formulation of hydrates and corrosion in pipelines. Please get back to me and let me know if any of these remedies helped or if more digging is needed to find the solution. In a small operation, its not a big deal but where several wells feed into a singular place, the build-up can be problematic. The pump may have stopped circulating the glycol. Any interruption can cause a significant heat problem for your lean glycol discharge to the pumps. Depending on your ambient temp, the glycol going into the pump should be 70F to 100F. Make sure you have a copy of the prints and design specifications and be familiar with both. pressure, LTS temperature, and glycol circulation rate were used to develop the process simulation case for the EG injection process. The glycol reflux condenser minimizes glycol loss due to vaporization. This is governed by economics. Preheating the glycol also extends the time that the glycol is at this optimal temperature inside the reboiler, resulting in greater distillation and purity levels. Mono Ethylene Glycol (MEG) is used primarily at low-temperature proc essing plant for extracting natural gas liquids. Information like the design flow-rate, temperature and pressure will be used right from the beginning as you start to rule out causes . It is usually not necessary to hook up a separator vent on the accumulator. If equipment is undersized or working at maximum capacity, any upset will cause an immediate effect, as described. The lean glycol flows to the storage compartment and then to the heat exchanger for cooling. NEVER USE GLYCOL IN COOLING TOWERS. How big should the flash tank be for gas dehydration? We also faced a serious glycol shortage several years ago. Some glycol units have no inlet separator, and this condition is nearly always bad. . Paper and fiberglass elements are not recommended. NEVER USE AUTOMOTIVE OR RV ANIT-FREEZE IN CHILLERS. The absorber must be vertical to ensure the proper flow of glycol in the vessel and adequate contact of gas and glycol. A much lower temp would reinforce the possibility of too much exchange. The tower packing should be carefully loaded to prevent breakage. Cool, rich glycol is used to flow through the coil to cool the hot vapors. How can we control the lean glycol temperature? The reboiler temperature and pressure control the concentration of the water in glycol. Most operators dont like to do this but it can really help prevent glycol loss. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle said; Once you eliminate the impossible, whatever remains, no matter how improbable, must be the truth.Troubleshooting a glycol dehydration system is a bit more nuanced but the authors quote pretty much forms the basis for the process. If they have not been flushed recently, you may want to consider that. Ive skipped this step in the past and just started turning knobs and dials. The carbon purifier simply has to be built properly so carbon cannot get out of the vessel. The temperature at which natural gas becomes saturated with water vapor is known as the Dew Point Temperature (T dew). Heat exchangers can be utilized to preheat the glycol before it enters the reboiler. Can the carbon purifier be used in the high temperature service, e.g., between the glycol-glycol heater exchanger and the still column on the rich glycol side? There are of course more advanced glycol dryers - they are also more expansive as well. The proper gas and glycol flow rates should be established for good mixing. Where should the carbon purifier be located in the circulating stream? Yes, using either a reclaimer or iron exchange resin system. The mixing is achieved by using trays containing usually bubble caps or valves or by filling the vessel with a tower packing. I believe the massive Glycol loss occurs as carry over with the product gas from the contactor tower. Key processes used in processing gas are removal of acid gases, or "sweetening", dehydration, and temperature reduction using Joule-Thomson expansion or mechanical . Each monthly newsletter includesinformation on product improvements, tips on how to better optimize your site, videos and articles on how to complete your own repairs, as well as news about training and events. How it works The dehydration process is simplewet gas contacts dry glycol, and the glycol absorbs water from the gas. American Chillers recommendsInhibited Propylene Glycolwhich works as an anti-freeze, but also includes rust inhibitors and other additives that keeps your pump seals lubricated and fluids and chilled water system running in optimal condition. This depends upon how clean the glycol is. Just took my glycol sample, its completely black. The hydrocarbons can carry in with the incoming gas if the inlet separator is overloaded or damaged. Gandhidasan P (2003) Parametric analysis of natural gas dehydration by a triethylene glycol solution. 2. Yes, the filter elements may need to be changed frequently as the neutralizer is being added. This adjustment can also hold the condenser temperature at the desired level. The 1500 series switches fall into the ab sorption process. The rectifier, used to minimize the amount of glycol losses leaving overhead with the water vapor, is added by having several feet of tower packing in the still column above the rich glycol feed point to help scrub back the glycol. (It can be automated with I2P temperature controllers and pneumatic valves as well). What happens if too much salt gets in the glycol system? Dry glycol flows down the tower from the top, from tray to tray or through packing material. Figure 3: Aspen HYSYS flow-sheet model for traditional TEG dehydration process . Dry fuel gas enters the accumulator and moves up into the downcomer where it mixes with the glycol leaving the reboiler. At any rate, the only way I know of to prevent this is to put a control valve on the outlet of the tower, effectively becoming a back-pressure valve. No. Here are 3 ways a higher pressure drop can be achieved. Should I add something to the glycol when the pH is very high? Discoloration of the glycol indicates contamination. We have just installed a new dehydration and we are not able to maintain 350-360 temp on the reboiler. Additional heat exchangers can be added if needed. What type of cleaning chemicals are preferred? In previous posts, we have discussed how the process relies heavily on temperature and pressure. The meter run does have a check valve to prevent backflow from the pipeline, but if the meter is some distance away then you have to blow the sales line down, which could be a large amount of gas. What causes the glycol to be held up in the reboiler instead of flowing into the accumulator? 103 Glycol-Gas Dehydration System Questions, Lever Operated Piston Balanced Throttling, Pneumatically Operated Diaphragm Balanced, Pneumatically Operated Piston Balanced Throttling, Free Water Knockout Mechanical Three Phase, Horizontal Separator High Pressure Pneumatic Three Phase, Horizontal Separator Low Pressure Mechanical Three Phase, Vertical Separator High Pressure Electric Three Phase, Vertical Separator High Pressure Pneumatic Three Phase, Vertical Separator Low Pressure Electric Two Phase, Vertical Separator Low Pressure Mechanical Two Phase. . This problem could also occur in a shell and tube heat exchanger. What type of glycol is best? dehydration problems. A 10 foot diameter column with 10 gpm internal entrainment . What should the lean glycol temperature be? In either case, flow is adjusted so there is a smaller amount of cool liquid flowing through the reflux coils. We know from experience, that some heat exchangers chilling abilities is reduced by 20%. Be sure the surge tank accumulator is not insulated. Telemark University College . Try increasing the glycol temp to 196c. Toggle navigation. What happens if my glycol circulation rate is too high? The TEG purity is about 99 % wt. How frequently should the filter elements be changed? We also carry an extensive inventory, including wellsite separators, pressure vessels, glycol line heaters, glycol dehydrators for sale. This will allow the lean glycol to start cooling quickly. A safe pH for glycol is 7.3. The paraffin will usually pass right through the inlet separator. What should be the maximum reboiler temperature to avoid glycol decomposition? American Chillers & Cooling Tower Systems, Inc. recommends propylene based glycols because of their non-hazardous nature and as such, we must be aware of the effects on the standard refrigeration heat exchangers and pumps. Varian Linear Accelerator Cooling: Four American Chillers for CA Cancer Center. The pump should run until the reboiler temperature is lowered to approximately 200F. Or a flow meter could be installed. Print Book & E-Book. It is not desirable. By using gas to strip the glycol of even more water you can reach glycol purity levels of almost 100%. When the reboiler temperature is at 200F or below then the plant should be depressurized slowly to prevent a loss of glycol. Have you seen problems with oxygen (air ingress)? The stripping gas rate can get high enough to flood the still column and blow glycol out the top. For Kimray pumps, the glycol rate can be determined by counting the number of strokes per minute and then using the pump chart supplied by the manufacturer. A glycol dehydration package can incorporate the following depending on your requirements: High-efficiency inlet oil separators to remove oil from upstream compression. In a cold weather operation, with extreme low ambient temperatures, this could produce too much reflux and the reboiler could become overloaded. The Kimray Chronicleis your source for news within the Kimray community. The amount of stripping gas required will usually be about 2 to 10 scf per gallon of glycol circulated. Many time the accumulator is vented to the atmosphere, especially if sweet gas is used to prevent oxidation. Two types of glycol dehydration are commonly used in the Oil and Gas Industry: Ethylene Glycol (EG) and Triethylene Glycol (TEG). The ceramic saddles in the distillation column powdered and plugged like a chunk of concrete. Filters should be replaced whenever they begin to build a differential pressure more than 3 lbs and probably quarterly if they are working properly otherwise. f. thermometer with thermowell; kimray glycol pump with "y" strainer on pump suction, ball check; valve on pump discharge; shell and tube type glycol to glycol heat . This height multiplied by the inside cross-sectional area of the absorber will give the volume of glycol pumped after converting the volume of the absorber to gallons. The first place I would look is at the gas analysis. Do the hot spots cause any additional problems other than glycol decomposition? with a 50 mmscf flow rate. The basic operation of both systems are similar however the choosing which application better suites your process is subject to variable such as operating temperature. Yes. As a general rule, a glycol dehydration system (contact type) can lose about 1 lb of glycol or 0.1 gallons of glycol per mmscf of gas. We all know how the prices for hydrocarbons have sharply increased, so it is easy to see why glycol prices are rising. If you do not isolate the tower then upstream feed gas will continue to flow while trying to blow down the tower. Every other means to eliminate the foam should be tried before defoamers are used. Wet gas enters the tower at the bottom. . This is usually not recommended because the side effects can be detrimental. Learn more about filtration. How can I keep oxygen out of the accumulator? kimray t-12m high temperature shut-down with manual reset; burner manifold, meco supply gas regulator, fisher type 64; main burner and pilot block valves; 50 deg. If the carbon filters are mot working properly. With better gas cleaning, filtration and carbon filtration the glycol may clean up to an acceptable state. failed filter separator between the compressor/amine skid and the dehy. Is equipment operating within specifications (flow-rate and temperature)? It could also just be solid particles from the gas stream that have built up over time and charred in the hot liquid. If sweet gas is used in the accumulator to prevent oxidation, the vent line could be improperly connected. Natural gas is a combustible gaseous mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons, very light liquid hydrocarbons, free water, water vapour and other undesirable non - hydrocarbon gaseous and solid compounds found in conventional natural gas reservoirs as non-associated gas (NAG), as associated gas (AG) or . The glycol absorbs the water from the wet gas stream . Dehydration & Refrigeration course by . concentration. "The upstream gas directed to the . Take samples, record initial conditions, and keep track of changes you make. I threw away the glycol when it went black, but within 24 hours the new glycol was also black. Questions about what glycol concentration and/or type to purchase? The reboiler temperature should also be brought up to the operating range. The major downside to that is that the water will re-condense and fall back into the reboiler. If this is the case, however, you would notice above average glycol consumption in addition to dew point problems. What precautions are needed with the mist pad at the top of the absorber? Knowing how glycol dehydration equipment is supposed to work (when operating properly) is the key to troubleshooting. I would suspect that the element is undersized for the application or you are lacking the electrical feed to bring the element to its full temp. As the overall process conditions change, it is important to see that stripping gas is still needed. How can iron corrosion products be detected in the glycol? Create flashcards for FREE and quiz yourself with an interactive flipper. That depends upon the vessel design. The additional incoming water gets trapped in the scrubber. Just when I think Ive seen it all, something new pops up. Also, there should be a valve on the downstream side of the tower, though there is not always. A partially clogged tower can have the same affect as an undersized tower. The solids content in the glycol should be held below 0.01 weight % or 100 ppm. Another condensation method is to use an internal reflux coil in the top of the still column. In very cold weather, the free water in the dump line on the scrubber can freeze. Could it be the reason why massive glycol carried over? What happens to the glycol system if poor filtration is maintained? . It may be necessary to see that the blanket gas valve, piping, and flow control orifice are open to pass gas. Jerry Martin serves as Kimray's Senior Director of Sales. This analytical information can enable the operator to evaluate the plant performance and make operating changes to get maximum drying efficiency. Finally, you need to have a good understanding of common problems and their solutions. ISBN 9781856179805, 9781856179812 The dehydrated gas is referred to as dry gas and exits through the top of the glycol contactor. You are correct, 180 F is the top running temperature for most pumps. The glycol contactor operates at 20-35 C. (68-95 F.) at 50-60 barg (725-870 psig). How can we tell when the carbon filter needs changing? Yes. Removing impurities such as hydrocarbons, lube oil and solid contaminants from the glycol will not only increase the removal rate of water from the gas but it will also protect the reboiler and heat exchangers from contamination buildup and loss of efficiency. Clean the burner assembly, pilot, and intake arrestor then reset components. Therefore, NGL dehydration is required when . Why is the lean glycol concentration important? From the pump, the rich glycol flows through a reflux coil, heat exchanger and flash gas separator, which divides gas and entrained hydrocarbons from the glycol. Triethylene Glycol is used as a liquid desiccant to remove the water from natural gas. Vol 09 No 10 Performance of Stahl Columns in Glycol Dehydration : 386 KB : Vol 09 No 12 TEG-Contaminated Amine Treating Solvents : 327.13 KB : Vol 10 No 01 Effect of Glycol . A non-horizontal position can cause a firetube burnout. One method is to use a vertical tray or packed system (using tower packing) in the downcomer between the reboiler and accumulator. Many still columns are designed where the rich glycol is fed into the vessel above the tower packing layer. BOLD is the Industry Leader in Glycol Dehydration with the largest fleet and most advanced technology. F - Outlet dew point temp. Each monthly newsletter includesinformation on product improvements, tips on how to better optimize your site, videos and articles on how to complete your own repairs, as well as news about training and events. Kyle Andrews serves as Product and Applications Trainer at Kimray. Acid cleaning is good for removing inorganic deposits. If you are not reaching the optimum percentages in either phase, you will have a good idea where to start looking for a problem. Typical glycol dryers comprehend reaching the water dew point of the treated gas to as low as -10-20 . With the BOLD Dehydration Program, full turnkey service is provided . They also use Teflon darts and slides in the pumps. The pump speed should be adjusted to the optimum level and checked regularly. Higher glycol purity levels mean you can circulate less glycol through the dehydration system to remove the same amount of water. Purchase Gas Dehydration Field Manual - 1st Edition. How do the glycol and gas mix in the absorber? If sweet gas is used to prevent oxidation in the accumulator, how should it be hooked up? Schlumberger glycol dehydration processes It should have provisions for back flushing with water to remove loose dust. As the contact trays in the absorber get coated with gummy deposits, some of the bubble caps or valve trays will get plugged. 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